South Dakota PT, OT and SLP guide

For OT, PT and SLP clinics in South Dakota: three state boards license the disciplines; the licensing law defines physical therapy as examining and evaluating a patient to determine a diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic intervention; South Dakota Medicaid covers children’s therapy under EPSDT and adults within its own rules; and telehealth follows the patient’s location.⁠^1,2,3,4,5

Who licenses OTs, PTs and SLPs in South Dakota?

Three state boards license the three disciplines in South Dakota, and each publishes its own licensing law, rules, renewal cycle and continuing-education requirement.⁠^1,6,7 A clinic that employs more than one discipline keeps three registers, not one.

Physical therapists and physical therapist assistants answer to the South Dakota Board of Physical Therapy.⁠^{1,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56} Occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants answer to the South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners.⁠^{6,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66} Speech-language pathologists answer to the South Dakota Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology.⁠^{7,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75} Physical therapists and physical therapist assistants are licensed by the State Board of Physical Therapy, created within the Department of Health, which took over their licensure from the Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners on July 1, 2023; the Governor appoints its four physical therapists, one physical therapist assistant and two public members.⁠^{1,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56} Practicing physical therapy without a license, unless exempt under the chapter, or using a physical therapy title without one, is a Class 2 misdemeanor.⁠^{1,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56} Occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants are licensed by the State Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners, which appoints an occupational therapy council of two occupational therapists and one occupational therapy assistant to assist it in licensure, practice, education, continuing education, investigation and discipline.⁠^{6,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66} Practicing occupational therapy, or using an occupational therapy title, without a license under the chapter is a Class 2 misdemeanor.⁠^{6,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66} Speech-language pathologists and speech-language pathology assistants are licensed by the Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology, a five-member board of four speech-language pathologists and one public member that the Governor appoints under the supervision of the Department of Health.⁠^{7,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75} No one may practice speech-language pathology, or represent as a speech-language pathologist or speech-language pathology assistant, without a license under the chapter; a violation is a Class 2 misdemeanor.⁠^{7,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75} A license is a state authorization; a national certification (NBCOT for occupational therapy, the ASHA certificate for speech-language pathology, the NPTE for physical therapy) is a different thing and does not replace it. Compact privileges for practitioners licensed elsewhere are covered under telehealth below.

What does a South Dakota license renewal require?

Each board sets its own cycle and hours, listed in the table above, and the register template at the end of this page tracks them per clinician.⁠^1,6,7 A renewal missed is a lapse, and the board’s own rules say what a lapsed licensee may and may not do; the clinic reads those rules before a clinician’s renewal date passes, not after.

Can a patient see a South Dakota PT, OT or SLP without a referral?

State law answers this discipline by discipline, and a payer may still require a referral the law does not. For physical therapy, the licensing law defines physical therapy as the examination and evaluation of a patient to determine a diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic intervention, and reserves the interpretation of referrals and the initial evaluation to the physical therapist, not the assistant.⁠^2,8,9 For occupational therapy, the licensing act requires a license and defines occupational therapy to include the consultation, evaluation and treatment of individuals whose abilities to cope with the tasks of living are threatened or impaired.⁠^76,77,78 For speech-language pathology, the licensing act requires a license and defines the practice of speech-language pathology to include screening, assessment, evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and referral services for disorders of speech, language, feeding and swallowing.⁠^79,80,81 South Dakota Medicaid, as a payer, covers outpatient therapy only on a written prescription from a physician, physician assistant or nurse practitioner, valid for one year; for a recipient in a Care Management program, the order comes from the recipient’s Care Management provider, or another provider’s order needs a Care Management referral.⁠⁹

The payer’s rule is separate. Medicare pays for outpatient therapy under a plan of care certified by a physician or nonphysician practitioner, and the regulation’s 2025 text lets a signed order or referral on file, with the plan delivered within 30 days of the initial evaluation, stand in for that signature on an initial plan.⁠³⁴ South Dakota Medicaid’s referral and prior-authorization rules are in the next section. A commercial plan’s rule is in its member contract and provider manual, and the clinic keeps a copy of each.

How does South Dakota Medicaid pay for pediatric and adult therapy?

South Dakota Medicaid is run by the South Dakota Department of Social Services (DSS), and a clinic enrolls through its provider enrollment route before it bills.⁠⁸² For children, the federal EPSDT benefit requires the state to cover services that correct or ameliorate a condition found at a screening, whether or not the state plan covers them for adults.⁠⁸³ For children 20 and younger, South Dakota Medicaid’s EPSDT benefit can cover services that would not be covered for recipients 21 and older, and a medically necessary service for a child that falls outside coverage limits needs prior authorization.⁠^3,4,5

For adults, as for every full-coverage recipient, South Dakota Medicaid covers medically necessary outpatient therapy ordered by a physician, physician assistant or nurse practitioner through a written prescription valid for one year, under a written care plan, when the recipient is expected to improve significantly in a reasonable and generally predictable period. Maintenance therapy is not covered, except where therapy is needed to sustain a level of function or the condition would otherwise digress.⁠^{10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18} South Dakota Medicaid’s prior authorization manual, updated June 2026, requires prior authorization only for the elective services it lists, among them a speech-generating device, for which the recipient’s speech-language pathologist must obtain prior authorization before the device is provided. Most out-of-state services also need prior authorization.⁠^84,85,86,87 South Dakota Medicaid runs its Primary Care Provider Program on the primary care case management model, statewide, with about 80 percent of recipients required to enroll. Its other Care Management program is the Health Home Program. For a recipient in either program, physical, occupational and speech therapy need a referral from the recipient’s primary care provider or health home.⁠^88,89,90 The fee schedule is published by the agency, and a clinic reads the current file rather than a remembered rate.⁠⁹¹

How does South Dakota Medicaid want OT, PT and SLP claims coded?

Therapists bill South Dakota Medicaid on the CMS 1500, through the Medicaid Online Portal or by 837P (an outpatient hospital on the UB-04 or 837I), at their usual and customary charge, and payment is the lesser of that charge or the Physician Services Nonlaboratory Procedures fee schedule. An assistant’s services are billed by the supervising therapist with the HM (SLPA), CO (OTA) or CQ (PTA) modifier and paid at 90 percent of the therapist rate, and every therapy claim lists an ordering, referring or prescribing provider’s NPI. For dates of service from July 1, 2025, CPT 92507 is billed as one unit per member per day, except by school districts billing on a CMS 1500.⁠^{92,93,94,95,96,97} The codes, modifiers and authorization forms are the manual’s and change with it, so the clinic reads the current therapy sections before its first claim and records the manual’s page-updated date in the payer register.

Does South Dakota Medicaid pay for therapy in schools?

South Dakota Medicaid pays enrolled school districts for medically necessary physical, occupational and speech therapy, among other services, once a parent has consented, for recipients under 21, provided by licensed therapists and assistants the district employs or contracts with.⁠^98,99,100 A school’s billing is the district’s, under its own program; an outpatient clinic’s claim for the same child is a separate matter with its own eligibility and authorization.

Does South Dakota Medicaid cover therapy by telehealth?

South Dakota Medicaid covers physical, occupational and speech therapy by telemedicine through a real-time interactive system, with a face-to-face visit within the first 30 days and every 90 days after that. Attended electrical stimulation (97032) by telemedicine is limited to one unit.⁠¹⁰¹ The telehealth section below covers the state’s own rules for the session itself.

What are South Dakota’s telehealth rules for therapy?

A therapist treating a patient by video needs authority to practice where the patient is located at the time of the session, and the federal telehealth site says so plainly: licensure follows the patient’s location, and a compact privilege is one route to it.⁠¹⁹ South Dakota’s telehealth law requires a health care professional treating a patient in the state by telehealth to be fully licensed in the state, or employed by one of the listed licensed facilities or agencies, and subject to the licensing body’s rules, and to establish a proper provider-patient relationship that includes consent after disclosure of the delivery model. The speech-language pathology act authorizes telehealth services equivalent in quality to face-to-face services. A health care professional using telehealth follows the state or federal informed-consent statutes or rules that apply.⁠^{102,103,104,105,106}

A compact privilege is not a national license: it is a privilege to practice in the specific member state that issued it, under that state’s licensing law, and a state that has enacted the compact may not yet be issuing privileges, which is why the table names the commission’s current status.⁠^20,21,22,23 South Dakota bars a health insurer from excluding a service from coverage solely because it is provided through telehealth, which these sections define as HIPAA-compliant interactive audio-video, and bars a plan from discriminating between coverage for services provided in person and the same services provided by telehealth when telehealth is appropriate. A telehealth deductible, copayment or coinsurance may not exceed the in-person amount.⁠^{107,108,109,110,111}

Which business steps are specific to South Dakota?

The entity is registered with the South Dakota Secretary of State.⁠^39,40 State tax registration is with the South Dakota Department of Revenue.⁠^112,113 South Dakota taxes services unless a statute exempts them, and it exempts health services (Standard Industrial Classification major group 80). The Department of Revenue lists the offices and clinics of occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech clinicians and speech pathologists among the exempt health services. Products and services sold to for-profit clinics are taxable unless exempt because they are to be prescribed or resold. The tax fact also says healthcare practitioners, health clinics, hospitals and healthcare facilities must have a South Dakota sales or use tax license.⁠^{114,115,116,117,118} South Dakota’s workers’ compensation law covers all employers with only limited exceptions, and an employer within it must secure the payment of compensation to its employees in one of the ways the law provides.⁠^119,120 A city or county business license is a local question, answered by the city hall of the clinic’s address. The startup-costs guide carries the budget worksheet these registrations go into.

What record and privacy rules apply in South Dakota?

As a South Dakota Medicaid requirement, a provider keeps medical and financial records for at least six years after the last claim is paid or denied, and does not destroy them while an audit or investigation is pending. A health care provider gives a patient a copy of the medical record on the patient’s signed written request or authorization, and may not restrict the access of a parent or guardian with authority to make health care decisions for a minor to the minor’s medical record, with the exceptions the statute names.⁠^35,36,37,38 Two federal periods sit beside it and are often confused with it: Medicare requires 7 years for documentation of orders, certifications, referrals and payment requests, and HIPAA requires 6 years for its own compliance documentation, and neither sets the retention period for the clinical chart.⁠^121,122

South Dakota’s physical therapy licensing law counts willfully betraying a professional confidence as unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, for which the State Board of Physical Therapy may cancel, revoke or suspend a license.⁠^123,124 A person or business that does business in South Dakota and owns or licenses computerized personal or protected information of state residents must notify each affected resident of a breach of system security within 60 days of discovery, unless law enforcement needs more time or, after an investigation and notice to the attorney general, it reasonably determines that harm is unlikely. A breach affecting more than 250 residents is also reported to the attorney general. Personal information includes health information as HIPAA defines it.⁠^{125,126,127,128,129} South Dakota requires the professionals its child abuse law lists, among them physicians, nurses, mental health professionals, teachers, school counselors and school officials, to report reasonable cause to suspect that a child under 18 has been abused or neglected, orally and immediately, to the state’s attorney, the Department of Social Services or law enforcement. The speech-language pathology act makes failing to report suspected child or vulnerable adult abuse grounds for discipline, and any health care professional who knows or suspects that an elder or an adult with a disability is being abused, neglected or exploited must report it within 24 hours.⁠^{130,131,132,133}

Which South Dakota rules shape a pediatric clinic?

South Dakota Birth to Three, the Department of Education’s early intervention program, serves children from birth to 36 months with developmental delays or disabilities and their families. A family starts by contacting its local service coordinator or calling 1-800-305-3064, and the department’s rules require procedures documenting that primary referral sources make referrals no more than seven days after a child has been identified.⁠^{41,42,43,44,45} A child who turns three moves from early intervention to the school district’s evaluation, and a private clinic’s services run beside both systems rather than inside them. South Dakota requires the health insurance policies and plans its autism law covers to cover applied behavior analysis for autism spectrum disorders, with an annual maximum benefit of at least $36,000 through age 6, $25,000 for ages 7 through 13 and $12,500 for ages 14 through 18. The law does not apply to nongrandfathered individual and small group plans that must include essential health benefits, or to plans exempt from state regulation under ERISA.⁠^{134,135,136,137} The autism insurance mandates guide covers how such a mandate meets a plan’s own terms.

Which South Dakota rules shape an adult clinic?

Medicare claims from South Dakota go to Noridian Healthcare Solutions, the Medicare Administrative Contractor for Jurisdiction F, Parts A and B (Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington and Wyoming), whose local coverage articles for therapy are the ones a South Dakota clinic reads.⁠^138,139 South Dakota Medicaid’s adult therapy rules are in the Medicaid section above. South Dakota’s workers’ compensation rules cap reimbursement for reasonable and necessary medical services at a maximum found by multiplying the procedure code’s base unit value in Relative Values for Physicians by the factor the rule sets for that code range, and a provider may not collect fees above that maximum from the insurer or the employee.⁠^140,141

Which associations and directory pages serve South Dakota?

The state chapters are APTA South Dakota for physical therapy, the South Dakota Occupational Therapy Association (SDOTA) for occupational therapy and the South Dakota Speech-Language-Hearing Association (SDSLHA) for speech-language pathology.⁠^142,143,144 On DrSensory, families browse South Dakota clinics by discipline on the occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech therapy pages for the state, which the directory builds from the clinic addresses it holds; a clinic appears on the pages of its own address.⁠¹⁴⁵

Which South Dakota cities have DrSensory city pages?

Beyond its three South Dakota pages, the directory publishes city pages for one South Dakota city, Sioux Falls, three pages across the three disciplines, each listing the clinics whose address is in that city; a clinic appears on the city page of its address without any action of its own, and a city or discipline without a page is reached through the state page.⁠¹⁴⁵

How many South Dakota PT, OT and SLP clinics does DrSensory list?

DrSensory lists 24 PT, OT and SLP clinics in South Dakota, on its occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech therapy pages for the state.⁠¹⁴⁵

Where does each requirement come from, and what does the clinic do?

Which templates does a South Dakota launch need?

How might two South Dakota clinics plan a launch?

Sources

1. South Dakota Department of Health. South Dakota Board of Physical Therapy. Checked October 30, 2026.
2. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-18.1, Practice of physical therapy--Description. “The practice of physical therapy is the examination and evaluation of a patient with a mechanical, physiological, or developmental impairment, a functional limitation, a disability, or other similar condition to: (1) Determine a diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
3. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Well-Child, Well-Adult, and Other Preventative Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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   “The Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic and Treatment (EPSDT) benefit applies to children age 20 and younger who are enrolled in Medicaid. Under this benefit services may be covered that would otherwise not be covered for Medicaid recipients age 21 and older.”
4. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Well-Child, Well-Adult, and Other Preventative Services (updated December 2025). “Any service for a child that is medically necessary but falls outside coverage limits requires prior authorization by South Dakota Medicaid.” Checked October 30, 2026.
5. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 67:16:11:02, Eligibility requirements (EPSDT). “Except for qualified Medicare beneficiaries eligible under chapter 67:16:30, an individual is eligible for assistance under the EPSDT program if the individual is under 21 years of age and otherwise eligible for medical assistance under this article.” Checked October 30, 2026.
6. South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners. South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners. Checked October 30, 2026.
7. South Dakota Department of Health. South Dakota Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology. Checked October 30, 2026.
8. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-35.7, Approved tasks for physical therapist assistant--Exclusions. Checked October 30, 2026.
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   “The following physical therapy services, however, shall only be performed by a physical therapist: (1) Interpretation of referrals; (2) Initial evaluation, including problem identification; (3) Development of a plan of care which is based on the initial evaluation and which includes the physical therapy treatment goals ...”
9. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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   “Outpatient therapy services must be ordered by a physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner through a written prescription and provided by a provider referenced in the Eligible Providers section. The order is valid for one year. If services are needed past one year, a new order must be written. For recipients in a Care Management program, the order must be made by the recipient’s Care Management provider. If the ordering provider is someone other than the recipient’s Care Management provider, a Care Management referral is also required.”
10. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Outpatient therapy services must be ordered by a physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner through a written prescription and provided by a provider referenced in the Eligible Providers section. The order is valid for one year.”
11. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). “Medicaid/CHIP Full Coverage Medically necessary services covered in accordance with the limitations described in this chapter.” Checked October 30, 2026.
12. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Services are provided with the expectation that the recipient will improve significantly in a reasonable and generally predictable period of time, based on the ordering provider’s assessment of the patient’s restorative potential after any needed consultation with a qualified PT, OT, or SLP.”
13. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “South Dakota Medicaid does not cover therapy services if they are maintenance in nature. However, if therapy services are needed to sustain a level of function or if the member’s condition would otherwise digress, the services may be covered by South Dakota Medicaid.”
14. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “The services must be directly and specifically related to an active written care plan that is established by the ordering provider or by the occupational therapist, physical therapist, or speech therapist who will provide the services. If the plan is developed by an OT, PT, or SLP it must be certified by the ordering provider. Certification should occur as soon as possible and within 30 days of initiating therapy.”
15. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). “South Dakota Medicaid does not cover the following services: ... Acupuncture; ... Exercises a recipient can do independently at home; ... Massage services; ... Dry needling; ... Equestrian/hippotherapy; ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
16. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 67:16:02:05.01, Physical therapy services covered (Medicaid). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Physical therapy services which are ordered by a physician or other licensed practitioner through a written prescription and provided by a physical therapist licensed under SDCL chapter 36-10 or by a physical therapist assistant certified under SDCL chapter 36-10 are covered services under this article.”
17. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 67:16:02:05.15, Occupational therapy (Medicaid). “Occupational therapy services are covered services if ordered by a physician or other licensed practitioner through a written prescription and provided by an occupational therapist licensed under SDCL chapter 36-31 or by an occupational therapy assistant licensed under SDCL chapter 36-31.” Checked October 30, 2026.
18. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 67:16:02:13, Audiological and speech pathology services (Medicaid). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Covered services are limited to services provided by a physician or by the clinical audiologist, speech-language pathologist, or speech-language pathology assistant if the patient has a written referral from a physician or other licensed practitioner and the services are necessary to diagnose or treat a medical problem.”
19. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Getting started with licensure (Telehealth.HHS.gov, last updated February 21, 2024). Checked October 26, 2026.
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    “Health professionals must meet the licensure requirements of the state where they are located and be licensed or legally permitted to practice in the state where the patient is located”. Its companion page, Licensing across state lines (last updated April 30, 2025): “The ability to deliver health care services across state lines varies based on state regulations”; “Prior to an appointment, providers should verify patient location and obtain consent”; “Compacts allow participating health care providers to practice in participating states”.
20. PT Compact Commission. PT Compact Map. “Member States (38) ... South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
21. PT Compact Commission. PT Compact Map. “38 Member States Actively Issuing and Accepting Compact Privileges ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
22. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-17.1, Physical Therapist Licensure Compact. “The Physical Therapy Licensure Compact is enacted into law and entered into with all other jurisdictions that legally join the compact, which is substantially as follows ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
23. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-17.1, Physical Therapist Licensure Compact. “Source: SL 2020, ch 157, § 1.” Checked October 30, 2026.
24. Occupational Therapy Compact Commission. Before You Apply for an OT Compact Privilege (updated October 26, 2026). “South Dakota Not Yet not required ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
25. Occupational Therapy Compact Commission. Before You Apply for an OT Compact Privilege (updated October 26, 2026). “State Accepting OTC Applications? Jurisprudence Information State Regulations Practice Acts ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
26. Occupational Therapy Compact Commission. Before You Apply for an OT Compact Privilege (updated October 26, 2026). “States not listed below are not a member of the Occupational Therapy Compact.” Checked October 30, 2026.
27. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31A-1, Participation in compact--Authorization (Interstate Compact on Occupational Therapy Licensure). “The State of South Dakota is hereby authorized to participate in the interstate compact on occupational therapy licensure, as set forth in this chapter.” Checked October 30, 2026.
28. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31A-1, Participation in compact--Authorization (Interstate Compact on Occupational Therapy Licensure). “Source: SL 2023, ch 139, § 1.” Checked October 30, 2026.
29. South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners. Occupational Therapy Assistant. “During the 2023 legislative session, House Bill 1183, An Act to authorize the state’s participation in the interstate compact on occupational therapy licensure, moved through the legislative process and became law.” Checked October 30, 2026.
30. Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact Commission. Compact Map. “Legislation Enacted - Not Yet Issuing Privileges: 33 Legislation Enacted - Issuing Privileges: 4 Active Legislation: 3 No Active Legislation:16 ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
31. Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact Commission. Compact Privilege to Practice Status Update. “The ASLP-IC Operationalizes! Licensed practitioners in Louisiana and West Virginia can register and begin the privilege to practice process.” Checked October 30, 2026.
32. Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact Commission. Compact Privilege to Practice Status Update. “Licensed practitioners in Ohio can register and begin the privilege to practice process.” Checked October 30, 2026.
33. Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact Commission. Compact Privilege to Practice Status Update. “Licensed practitioners in Tennessee can register and begin the privilege to practice process.” Checked October 30, 2026.
34. Code of Federal Regulations. 42 CFR 424.24, Requirements for medical and other health services furnished by providers under Medicare Part B (eCFR, up to date as of October 22, 2026; paragraph (c), outpatient physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech-language pathology services). Checked October 26, 2026.
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    “The individual needs, or needed, physical therapy, occupational therapy, or speech-language pathology services.”; “The services were furnished while the individual was under the care of a physician, nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, or physician assistant.”; “The initial certification must be obtained as soon as possible after the plan is established.”; “Recertification is required at least every 90 days.”; “When it is recertified, the plan or other documentation in the patient’s record must indicate the continuing need for physical therapy, occupational therapy or speech-language pathology services.”; “the therapist has documented evidence that the plan of treatment has been delivered to the physician, NP, PA, or CNS within 30 days of completion of the initial evaluation, the certification does not need to be signed by a physician, NP, CNS, or PA who has knowledge of the case.”; “No references to an order or referral in this subsection shall be construed to require an order or referral for outpatient physical therapy, occupational therapy, or speech-language pathology services.”.
35. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 67:16:34:05, Record retention (Medicaid). “Medical and financial records must be retained for at least six years after the last claim is paid or denied. Records may not be destroyed if an audit or investigation is pending.” Checked October 30, 2026.
36. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Providers must keep legible medical and financial records that fully justify and disclose the extent of services provided and billed to South Dakota Medicaid. These records must be retained for at least 6 years after the last date a claim was paid or denied.”
37. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-2-16.2, Medical record--Provision upon request. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Upon receiving a written request or an authorization for release of a medical record, signed by a patient, a health care provider or medical records company shall provide a copy of the patient’s medical record, if available, to the patient or to any person duly authorized by the patient to receive the record.”
38. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-2-16.8, Medical record--Access by parent or guardian--Conflicting provision void--Exception. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “A health care provider may not restrict or deny, to a parent or guardian who has authority to make health care decisions on behalf of a minor, access to the minor’s: (1) Electronic health information; (2) Medical record; or (3) Patient portal. ... This section does not apply to a minor who has lawfully obtained a health care service without the consent or notification of a parent or guardian, or as provided in 45 C.F.R. § 164.502(g)(5) (January 1, 2025).”
39. South Dakota Secretary of State. Business Services Online: Form or Register a New Business. “Form or Register a New Business ... Anyone wishing to form or register a business entity that is not currently registered with the South Dakota Secretary of State.” Checked October 30, 2026.
40. South Dakota Secretary of State. Business Services Online: File an Annual Report. “Registered business entities which are ’Active’ can use the Annual Report tool to file an original Annual Report ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
41. South Dakota Department of Education. South Dakota Birth to Three. “The South Dakota Birth to Three Early Intervention Program serves children from birth to 36 months with developmental delays or disabilities and their families.” Checked October 30, 2026.
42. South Dakota Department of Education. How do I get my child started in the Birth to Three program?. “How do I get my child started in the Birth to Three program? Contact your local Service Coordinator using service coordinator map or call 1-800-305-3064.” Checked October 30, 2026.
43. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 24:14:11:07, Primary referral sources (early intervention program). “The procedures must provide for making referrals by primary referral sources and document that referrals are made, as soon as possible, but no more than seven days after a child has been identified.” Checked October 30, 2026.
44. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 24:14:02:03, Program administration (early intervention program). “The Department of Education is the lead agency for the program, receives funds under Part C, and is responsible for the administration of this article.” Checked October 30, 2026.
45. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Birth to Three Non-School District Providers (updated June 2026). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “In addition to being full coverage, the recipient must be a child age 0-3. The day the child turns 3 years of age, the child is no longer eligible for Birth to Three services. ... Services must be ordered/referred by a physician, physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or a provider eligible to provide the service.”
46. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-18.3, State Board of Physical Therapy--Creation. “The State Board of Physical Therapy is created within the Department of Health.” Checked October 30, 2026.
47. South Dakota Department of Health. South Dakota Board of Physical Therapy (content last updated October 6, 2026). “On July 1, 2023, physical therapist and physical therapist assistant licensure transitioned from the South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners to the South Dakota Board of Physical Therapy.” Checked October 30, 2026.
48. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-18.4, State Board of Physical Therapy--Membership. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “The State Board of Physical Therapy consists of: (1) Four persons who are licensed to practice physical therapy in this state and have practiced physical therapy in this state for a period of five years immediately preceding the appointment; (2) One person who is licensed as a physical therapist assistant in this state; and (3) Two persons who are representatives of the public and have no association with or financial interest in the provision of health care. The Governor shall appoint each member of the board.”
49. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-24, Unlicensed practice or use of title as misdemeanor. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “It is a Class 2 misdemeanor for any person not licensed under this chapter as a physical therapist or as a physical therapist assistant, or whose license has been suspended or revoked, or whose licensure has lapsed, to engage in the practice of physical therapy, unless exempt under the provisions of this chapter or, use in connection with their name the words or letters L.P.T., Licensed Physical Therapist; D.P.T., Doctor of Physical Therapy; L.P.T.A., Licensed Physical Therapist Assistant; Physical Therapist; Physio Therapist; or any other letters, words, or insignia indicating or implying that the person is a physical therapist or a physical therapist assistant.”
50. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-33, Licensure expiration--Renewal--Fee--Promulgation of rules--Forfeiture. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “A license issued by the State Board of Physical Therapy, pursuant to this chapter, expires on January first of the second year following its issuance. ... Failure of a licensee to renew the license on or before July first of the second year following issuance constitutes a forfeiture of the license.”
51. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 20:66:03:01, Continuing education hours (physical therapy). “20:66:03:01. Continuing education hours. To renew a license, a physical therapist and physical therapist assistant shall complete thirty continuing education hours during the two-year license period.” Checked October 30, 2026.
52. South Dakota Department of Health. Board of Physical Therapy: Continuing Education. “Licensees must document 30 continuing education hours during the two-year license cycle (refer to § 20:66:03:01) ... During biennial renewals, licensees may receive CE credit for no more than 15 CE hours (or 1.5 CEU credits) from Category 2 activities.” Checked October 30, 2026.
53. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-35.9, Physical therapist assistant--Supervision--Requirements. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “When supervising a physical therapist assistant’s care of a patient in any setting, the supervising physical therapist shall comply with the following standards of supervision: (1) Before assigning the physical therapist assistant to the patient for physical therapy procedures and related tasks, the supervising physical therapist must perform a comprehensive assessment of the patient and establish a plan of care; (2) The supervising physical therapist must be present at least one of every ten patient visits or one patient visit every thirty calendar days, whichever occurs sooner. The supervising physical therapist may be present through the use of interactive audio and visual communications technology.”
54. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-35.9, Physical therapist assistant--Supervision--Requirements. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “(3) During any other patient visit at which the supervising physical therapist is not required to be present, the supervising physical therapist must be immediately available for consultation and direction, either in person or by telecommunications technology, while the physical therapist assistant is performing physical therapy procedures and related tasks.”
55. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-35.8, Physical therapist assistant--Supervision--Limits, delegation. “A physical therapist may not, at any one time, supervise more than the equivalent of two full-time physical therapist assistants.” Checked October 30, 2026.
56. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-18, Definitions (physical therapy). “(2) "Physical therapist assistant," a person who is licensed or has obtained a compact privilege to assist in providing physical therapy under the supervision of a physical therapist ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
57. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-1, Definition of terms (occupational therapy). “Terms used in this chapter mean: (1) "Board," the State Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
58. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-2, Occupational therapy council--Appointment--Terms--Meetings--Duties--Board communication. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “The board shall appoint an occupational therapy council composed of two occupational therapists and one occupational therapy assistant. ... The council shall: (1) Assist the board in all matters related to the licensure, practice, education, continuing education, investigation, and discipline of occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants ...”
59. South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners. Occupational Therapist (OT). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “The mission of the South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners is to protect the health and welfare of the state’s citizens by assuring that only qualified allopathic and osteopathic physicians, athletic trainers, dietitians, emergency medical services personnel, genetic counselors, licensed nutritionists, occupational therapists, occupational therapy assistants, physician assistants, and respiratory care practitioners are licensed to practice in South Dakota.”
60. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-3, Practice or representation as occupational therapist by unlicensed person as misdemeanor. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “It is a Class 2 misdemeanor for any person to practice occupational therapy or represent himself as an occupational therapist or use in connection with his name the words or letters "OTR"; "OTR/L"; "Occupational Therapist, Registered"; "Occupational Therapist, Registered/Licensed"; "Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant"; "COTA"; "COTA/L"; "Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant/Licensed"; or any other letters, words or insignia indicating or implying that he is an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant, or as being able to practice occupational therapy, or to render occupational therapy services in this state unless he is licensed under the provisions of this chapter.”
61. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-11, Expiration of license--Renewal--Fee--Restoration of forfeited license--Time limit--Continuing competency requirements. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Any license issued by the board, pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, shall expire on the first day of January of the year next succeeding the issuance thereof. A license may be renewed upon the payment of a fee to be fixed annually by the board. Failure of a licensee to renew his license on or before the first day of March of each year, constitutes a forfeiture of such license.”
62. South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners. Occupational Therapist (OT). “As a medical professional licensed by this Board, renewal of your South Dakota license is entirely your responsibility. Reminders, if sent, are a courtesy.” Checked October 30, 2026.
63. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 20:64:04:01, Continuing competency requirements (occupational therapy). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “20:64:04:01. Continuing competency requirements. To qualify for renewal of a license upon its expiration as prescribed in SDCL 36-31-11, an applicant for renewal must complete 12 continuing competency points in a one-year period in professional education activities updating competency in occupational therapy and practice.”
64. South Dakota Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners. Occupational Therapy Assistant. “To qualify for renewal of a license upon its expiration as prescribed in SDCL 36-31-11, an applicant for renewal must complete 12 continuing competency points in a one-year period in professional education activities updating competency in occupational therapy and practice.” Checked October 30, 2026.
65. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 20:64:03:02, Supervision of occupational therapy assistant. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “20:64:03:02. Supervision of occupational therapy assistant. An occupational therapy assistant with less than one year of experience in the assistant’s present area of practice must receive a minimum of 10 hours of supervision from an occupational therapist for each 40 work hours or 25 percent of the total scheduled work hours. An occupational therapy assistant with more than one year of experience in the assistant’s present area of practice must receive a minimum of 4 hours of supervision from an occupational therapist for each 40 work hours or 10 percent of the total scheduled work hours. The supervising occupational therapist shall evaluate each patient with input from the occupational therapy assistant as appropriate, prepare a written treatment plan outlining the tasks and responsibilities that may be performed by the occupational therapy assistant, monitor patient progress and reevaluate the treatment plan, and determine the termination of treatment.”
66. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-1, Definition of terms (occupational therapy). “(5) "Occupational therapy assistant," any person licensed to assist in the practice of occupational therapy, under the supervision of or with the consultation of a licensed occupational therapist and whose license is in good standing ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
67. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-8, Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology. “The Governor shall appoint a five-member Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology under the supervision of the Department of Health. The board must consist of: (1) Four speech-language pathologists who: ... (2) One representative of the public who is ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
68. South Dakota Department of Health. South Dakota Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “The mission of the South Dakota Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology is to protect the health and safety of the public by licensure of qualified persons and enforcement of the statutes, rules, and regulations governing the practice of speech-language pathology, including the appropriate processing and resolution of complaints.”
69. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-3, License to practice speech-language pathology required--Violation as misdemeanor. “No person may practice speech-language pathology or represent himself or herself as a speech-language pathologist or speech-language pathology assistant in this state, unless such person is licensed in accordance with this chapter.” Checked October 30, 2026.
70. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-3, License to practice speech-language pathology required--Violation as misdemeanor. “A violation of this section is a Class 2 misdemeanor.” Checked October 30, 2026.
71. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 20:79:02:01, License expiration (speech-language pathology). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “20:79:02:01. License expiration. All licenses issued by the board expire on the first day of October of the second year succeeding the issuance thereof. ... An otherwise qualified person who submits a license renewal within 30 days after the expiration shall be granted a license renewal without a late fee.”
72. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 20:79:02:05, Continuing education (speech-language pathology). “20:79:02:05. Continuing education. To be eligible for renewal, a licensee must complete at least twenty credit hours or 2.0 units of continuing education for each two-year renewal period.” Checked October 30, 2026.
73. South Dakota Department of Health. Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology Continuing Education Requirements (content last updated September 28, 2026). “All levels of licensure are required to have continuing education and proof of completing continuing education is required at the time of licensure renewal.” Checked October 30, 2026.
74. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-20, Supervision of speech-language pathology assistant. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “A speech-language pathology assistant must be supervised by a speech-language pathologist, or a speech-language pathologist with a limited license, who has at least two years of experience. ... The supervising speech-language pathologist: (1) Is responsible for the extent, kind, and quality of service provided by the assistant, consistent with the board’s designated standards and requirements; (2) Shall ensure that persons receiving services from an assistant receive prior written notification that services are to be provided, in whole or in part, by a speech-language pathology assistant; (3) May not supervise more than three speech-language pathology assistants at one time.”
75. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 20:79:04:03, Supervision of speech-language pathology assistants. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “During the first two work weeks of supervising a speech-language pathology assistant, the supervising speech-language pathologist shall observe the speech-language pathology assistant performing direct and indirect services and develop a written supervision plan. ... The supervising speech-language pathologist shall initiate the first contact with every client and thereafter review data on every client seen by the speech-language pathology assistant every two weeks. The speech-language pathologist shall make direct contact with each client at least once every sixty calendar days.”
76. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-1, Definition of terms (occupational therapy). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “(3) "Occupational therapy," the evaluation, planning and implementation of a program of purposeful activities to develop or maintain adaptive skills necessary to achieve the maximal physical and mental functioning of the individual in his or her daily pursuits. The practice of occupational therapy includes consultation, evaluation, and treatment of individuals whose abilities to cope with the tasks of living are threatened or impaired by developmental deficits, the aging process, learning disabilities, poverty and cultural differences, physical injury or disease, psychological and social disabilities, or anticipated dysfunction.”
77. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-31-3, Practice or representation as occupational therapist by unlicensed person as misdemeanor. “It is a Class 2 misdemeanor for any person to practice occupational therapy or represent himself as an occupational therapist ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
78. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Outpatient therapy services must be ordered by a physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner through a written prescription and provided by a provider referenced in the Eligible Providers section. The order is valid for one year. If services are needed past one year, a new order must be written. For recipients in a Care Management program, the order must be made by the recipient’s Care Management provider. If the ordering provider is someone other than the recipient’s Care Management provider, a Care Management referral is also required.”
79. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-2, Practice of speech-language pathology defined. Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “For the purposes of this chapter, the practice of speech-language pathology is the application of principles, methods, and procedures related to the development, disorders, and effectiveness of human communication and related functions including providing prevention, screening, consultation, assessment, evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, intervention management, counseling, collaboration, and referral services for disorders of speech, language, feeding, and swallowing, and for cognitive aspects of communication.”
80. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-3, License to practice speech-language pathology required--Violation as misdemeanor. “No person may practice speech-language pathology or represent himself or herself as a speech-language pathologist or speech-language pathology assistant in this state, unless such person is licensed in accordance with this chapter.” Checked October 30, 2026.
81. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Outpatient therapy services must be ordered by a physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner through a written prescription and provided by a provider referenced in the Eligible Providers section. The order is valid for one year. If services are needed past one year, a new order must be written. For recipients in a Care Management program, the order must be made by the recipient’s Care Management provider. If the ordering provider is someone other than the recipient’s Care Management provider, a Care Management referral is also required.”
82. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). Medicaid Provider Enrollment & Maintenance. “Effective May 5, 2021 all enrollment activities are completed through the Provider Enrollment (PE) Portal. ... No application fee is charged.” Checked October 30, 2026.
83. Medicaid.gov (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services). Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment (Medicaid benefit page). Checked October 26, 2026.
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    “The Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic and Treatment (EPSDT) benefit provides comprehensive and preventive health care services for children under age 21 who are enrolled in Medicaid.”; “It is the responsibility of states to determine medical necessity on a case-by-case basis.”.
84. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Prior Authorization Requests (updated June 2026). “Prior authorization is only required for the elective services listed below. Urgent or emergent care is exempt from prior authorization requirements.” Checked October 30, 2026.
85. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). “The recipient’s SLP must obtain prior authorization from South Dakota Medicaid before an augmentative communication device or a modification to a previously authorized device is provided.” Checked October 30, 2026.
86. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Prior Authorization Requests (updated June 2026). “Speech Generating Device Durable Medical Equipment, Prosthetics, Orthotics and Supplies DME Prior Authorization Request Form ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
87. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Prior Authorization Requests (updated June 2026). “Most out-of-state services require prior authorization.” Checked October 30, 2026.
88. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Primary Care Provider Program (updated April 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “South Dakota Medicaid’s Primary Care Provider (PCP) Program is based on the primary care case management (PCCM) model. The Program operates statewide. Approximately, 80 percent of South Dakota Medicaid recipients are required to enroll in the program. The program includes both Medicaid and CHIP recipients. The PCP Program is one of two of South Dakota Medicaid’s Care Management programs. The other Care Management Program is the Health Home Program.”
89. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Referrals (updated June 2026). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “The following South Dakota Medicaid covered services must be provided by the recipient’s provider or designated covering provider must be referred/authorized by the provider for recipients in the PCP or HH programs: ... Physical, Occupational, or Speech Therapy ...”
90. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Referrals (updated June 2026). “The following covered services are exempt from referrals for recipients in the PCP or HH programs: ... School District Services; ... Birth to Three non-School District Services ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
91. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). Medicaid Provider Fee Schedules. “The Medicaid fee schedules listed below are organized by provider type. These schedules typically contain procedure codes, descriptions and the maximum reimbursement rates allowed.” Checked October 30, 2026.
92. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Claims for OT, PT, or SLP services should be submitted on the CMS 1500 claim form, through the Medicaid Online Portal, or via an 837P electronic. If the services are provided in an outpatient hospital, it must be billed on a UB-04 or via an 837I transaction.”
93. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “A claim for therapy services must be submitted at the provider’s usual and customary charge. Payment for therapy services is limited to the lesser of the provider’s usual and customary charge or the fee contained on South Dakota Medicaid’s Physician Services Nonlaboratory Procedures fee schedule.”
94. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Services provided by an assistant are required to be billed by the supervising therapist using the HM modifier for an SLPA, CO modifier for an OTA, and CQ modifier for a PTA. Assistants are reimbursed at 90 percent of the allowable therapist rate.”
95. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). “Yes, all therapy service claims must include an ORP NPI on the claim.” Checked October 30, 2026.
96. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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    “Effective for claims with dates of service on and after July 1, 2025, South Dakota Medicaid will no longer treat CPT code 92507 as a 15-minute time-based code for all providers with the exception of school districts when billed on a CMS 1500. In alignment with standard coding guidance, providers must only bill one (1) unit per member per day.”
97. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Therapy Services (updated December 2025). “Occupational therapy assistants may provide approved tasks under an enrolled supervising OT, but are not eligible to enroll with South Dakota Medicaid.” Checked October 30, 2026.
98. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: School District Services (updated June 2026). “South Dakota Medicaid covers medically necessary psychological, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, audiology, and nursing services provided by school districts once parental consent has been obtained.” Checked October 30, 2026.
99. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: School District Services (updated June 2026). “Services may only be provided to recipients under 21 years of age ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
100. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: School District Services (updated June 2026). Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “The covered services are provided by an employee of the school district, or by an individual who is under contract with the school district, and who meets the applicable licensing or certification requirements ...”
101. South Dakota Department of Social Services (South Dakota Medicaid). South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Telemedicine and Audio-Only Services (updated February 2026). Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech language therapy services may be provided via telemedicine. The service must be provided by means of “real-time” interactive telecommunications system and the provider must have a face-to-face visit within the first 30 days and every 90 days thereafter. Telemedicine service for electric stimulation attended, code 97032, is limited to one unit.”
102. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 34-52-2, Treatment of patients through telehealth--Requirements. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Any health care professional treating a patient in the state through telehealth shall be: (1) Fully licensed to practice in the state or employed by a licensed health care facility, an accredited prevention or treatment facility, a community support provider, a nonprofit mental health center, or a licensed child welfare agency under § 36-32-76; and (2) Subject to any rule adopted by the applicable South Dakota licensing body.”
103. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 34-52-3, Provider-patient relationship required--Exceptions. “Any health care professional who utilizes telehealth shall ensure that a proper health provider-patient relationship is established and includes: ... (3) Obtaining appropriate consent for treatment from a requesting patient after disclosure regarding the delivery models and treatment methods or limitations ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
104. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 34-52-1, Definitions (telehealth). “(5) "Telehealth," the use of secure electronic information, imaging, and communication technologies by a health care professional to deliver health care services to a patient, including interactive audio-video, interactive audio with store and forward, store-and-forward technology, and remote patient monitoring.” Checked October 30, 2026.
105. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-7, Telehealth authorized (speech-language pathology). “Any person who is licensed pursuant to this chapter may provide speech-language pathology services via telehealth. Services delivered via telehealth must be equivalent to the quality of services delivered face-to-face.” Checked October 30, 2026.
106. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 34-52-7, Informed consent (telehealth). “A health care professional using telehealth shall follow any applicable state or federal statute or rule for informed consent.” Checked October 30, 2026.
107. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-168, Coverage for health care services provided through telehealth. “No health insurer may exclude a service for coverage solely because the service is provided through telehealth and not provided through in-person consultation or contact between a health care professional and a patient.” Checked October 30, 2026.
108. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-167, Definitions pertaining to telehealth coverage. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “(4) "Telehealth," the delivery of health care services through the use of HIPAA-compliant interactive audio-video. The term does not include the delivery of health care services through audio-only telephone, electronic mail message, text message, mail service, facsimile transmission, or any combination thereof.”
109. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-169, Discrimination between coverage for services provided in person and through telehealth prohibited. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “A health insurance policy, contract, or plan providing for third-party payment may not discriminate between coverage benefits for health care services that are provided in person and the same health care services that are delivered through telehealth as long as the services are appropriate to be provided through telehealth.”
110. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-168, Coverage for health care services provided through telehealth. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “(3) Prevent a health insurer from including a deductible, copayment, or coinsurance requirement for a health care service provided via telehealth, if the deductible, copayment, or coinsurance is not in addition to and does not exceed the deductible, copayment, or coinsurance applicable if the same services were provided through in-person contact.”
111. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-170, Application of telehealth coverage requirements. “The requirements of §§ 58-17-168 and 58-17-169 apply to any health insurer offering any individual or group health insurance policy, contract, certificate, or plan delivered, issued for delivery, or renewed in South Dakota on or after January 1, 2020.” Checked October 30, 2026.
112. South Dakota Department of Revenue. Tax Fact: Health Services, Drugs, and Medical Devices (July 2023). “Healthcare practitioners, health clinics, hospitals, and healthcare facilities must have a South Dakota sales or use tax license.” Checked October 30, 2026.
113. South Dakota Department of Revenue. Sales & Use Tax. “Register for a South Dakota sales tax license using the online Tax License Application.” Checked October 30, 2026.
114. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 10-45-12.1, Services specifically exempt from tax. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “The following services enumerated in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, as prepared by the Statistical Policy Division of the Office of Management and Budget, Office of the President are exempt from the provisions of this chapter: health services (major group 80) ...”
115. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 10-45-4, Tax on receipts from business services. “Any service as defined by § 10-45-4.1 shall be taxable, unless the service is specifically exempt from the provisions of this chapter.” Checked October 30, 2026.
116. South Dakota Department of Revenue. Tax Fact: Health Services, Drugs, and Medical Devices (July 2023). Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Health services provided by the following practitioners, clinics, hospitals, and other facilities are exempt from state and municipal sales and use tax. (Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, Major Group 80) 1. Offices and Clinics of licensed practitioners ... Occupational therapists ... Physical therapists ... Speech clinicians ... Speech pathologists ...”
117. South Dakota Department of Revenue. Tax Fact: Health Services, Drugs, and Medical Devices (July 2023). “Sales of products and services to for-profit hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, surgical centers, and healthcare staff are subject to sales tax unless the product is exempt because it will be prescribed or resold.” Checked October 30, 2026.
118. South Dakota Department of Revenue. Tax Fact: Health Services, Drugs, and Medical Devices (July 2023). “Healthcare practitioners, health clinics, hospitals, and healthcare facilities must have a South Dakota sales or use tax license.” Checked October 30, 2026.
119. South Dakota Department of Labor and Regulation. Workers’ Compensation: Coverage. “The South Dakota Worker’s Compensation Law covers all employers with only limited exceptions.” Checked October 30, 2026.
120. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 62-5-1, Methods of securing payment of compensation. “Except as otherwise provided in §§ 62-5-5 and 62-5-6, any employer, coming within the compensation provisions of this title, shall secure the payment of compensation to the employer’s employees in one of the ways provided by § 62-5-2 or 62-5-3.” Checked October 30, 2026.
121. Code of Federal Regulations. 42 CFR 424.516, Additional provider and supplier requirements for enrolling and maintaining active enrollment status in the Medicare program (eCFR, up to date as of October 22, 2026; paragraph (f), Maintaining and providing access to documentation). Checked October 26, 2026.
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     “A provider or a supplier that furnishes covered ordered, certified, referred, or prescribed Part A or B services, items or drugs is required to—”; “Maintain documentation (as described in paragraph (f)(1)(ii) of this section) for 7 years from the date of service; and”; “Upon the request of CMS or a Medicare contractor, to provide access to that documentation”; “The documentation includes written and electronic documents (including the NPI of the physician or, when permitted, other eligible professional who ordered, certified, referred, or prescribed the Part A or B service, item, or drug) relating to written orders, certifications, referrals, prescriptions, and requests for payments for Part A or B services, items or drugs.”.
122. Code of Federal Regulations. 45 CFR 164.316, Policies and procedures and documentation requirements (eCFR, up to date as of October 22, 2026; HIPAA Security Rule; paragraph (b)). Checked October 26, 2026.
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     “Maintain the policies and procedures implemented to comply with this subpart in written (which may be electronic) form; and”; “If an action, activity or assessment is required by this subpart to be documented, maintain a written (which may be electronic) record of the action, activity, or assessment.”; “Retain the documentation required by paragraph (b)(1) of this section for 6 years from the date of its creation or the date when it last was in effect, whichever is later.”.
123. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-40, Unprofessional or dishonorable conduct. “The term, unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, includes: ... (2) Willfully betraying a professional confidence ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
124. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-10-39, Licensure suspension or revocation--Grounds. “The State Board of Physical Therapy may cancel, revoke, or suspend the license of any physical therapist or physical therapist assistant, issued under this chapter, upon satisfactory evidence of the licensee’s incompetence, unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, or violation of this chapter.” Checked October 30, 2026.
125. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 22-40-20, Notice of breach of system security--Exception. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Following the discovery by or notification to an information holder of a breach of system security an information holder shall disclose in accordance with § 22-40-22 the breach of system security to any resident of this state whose personal or protected information was, or is reasonably believed to have been, acquired by an unauthorized person. A disclosure under this section shall be made not later than sixty days from the discovery or notification of the breach of system security, unless a longer period of time is required due to the legitimate needs of law enforcement as provided under § 22-40-21.”
126. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 22-40-20, Notice of breach of system security--Exception. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “An information holder is not required to make a disclosure under this section if, following an appropriate investigation and notice to the attorney general, the information holder reasonably determines that the breach will not likely result in harm to the affected person.”
127. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 22-40-20, Notice of breach of system security--Exception. “Any information holder that experiences a breach of system security under this section shall disclose to the attorney general by mail or electronic mail any breach of system security that exceeds two hundred fifty residents of this state.” Checked October 30, 2026.
128. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 22-40-19, Definition of terms in §§ 22-40-19 to 22-40-26. “(3) "Information holder," any person or business that conducts business in this state, and that owns or licenses computerized personal or protected information of residents of this state ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
129. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 22-40-19, Definition of terms in §§ 22-40-19 to 22-40-26. “(d) Health information as defined in 45 CFR 160.103; ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
130. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 26-8A-3, Persons required to report child abuse or neglected child--Intentional failure--Penalty. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Any physician, dentist, doctor of osteopathy, chiropractor, optometrist, emergency medical technician, paramedic, mental health professional or counselor, podiatrist, psychologist, religious healing practitioner, social worker, hospital intern or resident, parole or court services officer, law enforcement officer, coach of a school activity, teacher, school counselor, school official, nurse, licensed or registered child welfare provider, employee or volunteer of a domestic abuse shelter, employee or volunteer of a child advocacy organization or child welfare service provider, chemical dependency counselor, coroner, dental hygienist, or any safety-sensitive position as defined in § 3-6C-1, who has reasonable cause to suspect that a child under the age of eighteen has been abused or neglected, as defined in § 26-8A-2, shall report that information in accordance with §§ 26-8A-6, 26-8A-7, and 26-8A-8. ... Any person who knows or has reason to suspect that a child has been abused or neglected as defined in § 26-8A-2 may report that information as provided in § 26-8A-8.”
131. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 26-8A-8, Oral report of abuse or neglect--To whom made--Response report. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “The reports required by §§ 26-8A-3, 26-8A-6, and 26-8A-7 and by other sections of this chapter shall be made orally and immediately by telephone or otherwise to the state’s attorney of the county in which the child resides or is present, to the Department of Social Services or to law enforcement officers.”
132. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 36-37-23, Actions constituting misconduct. “The board may take disciplinary actions for the following conduct: ... (15) Failing to report suspected cases of child abuse or vulnerable adult abuse ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
133. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 22-46-9, Mandatory reporting of abuse, neglect, or exploitation--Violation as misdemeanor. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Any: (1) Physician, dentist, doctor of osteopathy, chiropractor, optometrist, podiatrist, religious healing practitioner, hospital intern or resident, nurse, paramedic, emergency medical technician, social worker, or any health care professional; ... who knows, or has reasonable cause to suspect, that an elder or adult with a disability has been or is being abused, neglected, or exploited, shall, within twenty-four hours, report such knowledge or suspicion orally or in writing to the state’s attorney of the county in which the elder or adult with a disability resides or is present, to the Department of Human Services, or to a law enforcement officer.”
134. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-157, Coverage for applied behavior analysis for treatment of autism spectrum disorders. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Every policy, contract, certificate, or plan subject to the provisions of §§ 58-17-154 to 58-17-162, inclusive, shall provide coverage for applied behavior analysis for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders consistent with §§ 58-17-154 to 58-17-162, inclusive.”
135. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-158, Authorization, prior approval, and other care management requirements--Annual maximum benefit. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “The coverage for applied behavior analysis shall provide an annual maximum benefit that may not be less than the following: (1) Through age 6 $36,000 (2) Age 7 through age 13 $25,000 (3) Age 14 through age 18 $12,500 ...”
136. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-156, Policies, contracts, certificates, and plans subject to §§ 58-17-154 to 58-17-162. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Except as provided in § 58-17-155, §§ 58-17-154 through 58-17-162 apply to all individual and group health insurance policies, contracts, and certificates issued by health carriers as defined in § 58-17H-1 and self-funded nonfederal governmental plans with the exception of the state employee health plan sponsored by the State of South Dakota.”
137. South Dakota Legislature (South Dakota Codified Laws). SDCL 58-17-155, Exceptions to application of §§ 58-17-154 to 58-17-162. Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “Nothing in §§ 58-17-154 to 58-17-162, inclusive, applies to nongrandfathered plans in the individual and small group markets that are required to include essential health benefits under the federal Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as in effect on January 1, 2015, ... or any plan or coverage exempted from state regulation by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) ...”
138. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Who are the MACs: A/B MAC Jurisdiction F (JF) (page last modified July 8, 2026). “Contract Awardee: Noridian Healthcare Solutions, LLC, Contract Number 75FCMC25CJ010 ... JF processes FFS Medicare Part A and Part B claims for Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
139. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Who are the MACs: A/B MAC Jurisdiction F (JF) (page last modified July 8, 2026). “Award Announcement: A/B MAC Jurisdiction F award on SAM, August 19, 2025 ...” Checked October 30, 2026.
140. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 47:03:05:05, Reimbursement criteria (amended effective November 17, 2025). Checked October 30, 2026.
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     “To be eligible for reimbursement, a charge must be for reasonable and necessary medical services. A health care provider is not entitled to payment from an insurer or employee for fees that exceed the maximum reimbursement allowed under this chapter. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, to determine the maximum reimbursement for services, the base unit value for a procedure code is multiplied by the following factors ...”
141. South Dakota Legislature (Administrative Rules of South Dakota). ARSD 47:03:05:02, Incorporation of Relative Values for Physicians (amended effective November 17, 2025). “Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the definitions and procedures for determining reimbursement for medical services or treatment are those set forth in Relative Values for Physicians.” Checked October 30, 2026.
142. APTA South Dakota. APTA South Dakota (the state association's site). Checked October 30, 2026.
143. the South Dakota Occupational Therapy Association (SDOTA). the South Dakota Occupational Therapy Association (SDOTA) (the state association's site). Checked October 30, 2026.
144. the South Dakota Speech-Language-Hearing Association (SDSLHA). the South Dakota Speech-Language-Hearing Association (SDSLHA) (the state association's site). Checked October 30, 2026.
145. DrSensory. Occupational therapy clinics in South Dakota, with the physical therapy and speech therapy pages for the state (the directory's state pages, built from the addresses it holds). Checked October 30, 2026.
146. DrSensory. Clinic Directory Pricing. “Claiming your listing is free. The subscription is $349.99 a year or $29.99 a month for your first location, and $99.99 a year or $9.99 a month for each additional location, not per therapist.” Checked October 30, 2026.

Medical disclaimer. This page is for general educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It is general guidance on running a therapy clinic in South Dakota, not legal, compliance, billing or financial advice. Rules change; the clinic confirms each with its source before acting on it.