Orthopedic, Mobility, & Post-Surgical Rehab
Authored by: The DrSensory Editorial Team
Reviewed by: 🛡️ DrSensory Clinical Review Board – Doctor of Therapy Rehab Division
Last updated: June 2026
Key Takeaways
- Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves sideways into an "S" or "C" shape; mild cases often cause no symptoms, but moderate to severe curves can affect posture, balance, and lung function.
- Scoliosis most commonly appears between ages 10 and 15 during rapid growth, though it can also occur in younger children or even in infancy.
- Because scoliosis is often painless in children, a trained provider or therapist may be the first to notice it during a school screening or exam by spotting signs like uneven shoulders or hips.
- Scoliosis is diagnosed when the spinal curve, measured by Cobb angle on X-ray, is greater than 10 degrees; treatment depends on age, curve severity, and risk of progression.
- Even when bracing or surgery is not needed, therapy is essential for managing symptoms and improving posture, strength, and function, including approaches like core strengthening, breathing exercises, and the evidence-based Schroth method.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the early signs of scoliosis in my child?
Common signs include uneven shoulders or hips, one shoulder blade sticking out more than the other, ribs that protrude more on one side when bending forward, and clothing that fits unevenly. Teens may also experience back pain or fatigue, though scoliosis is often painless in children.
At what age does scoliosis usually show up?
Scoliosis most commonly appears between ages 10 and 15, during periods of rapid growth. However, it can also occur in younger children or even in infancy.
How is scoliosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam such as the Adam's Forward Bend Test, X-rays to measure the spinal curve (Cobb angle), and functional movement assessments by physical or occupational therapists. Scoliosis is diagnosed when the curve measures more than 10 degrees.
Does my child need surgery for scoliosis?
Surgery is considered only in severe cases, when the curve exceeds 45 to 50 degrees and interferes with function, and is usually recommended when bracing has not worked. For milder curves, options include observation with regular check-ups or bracing to slow progression.
Will a brace fix or reverse my child's scoliosis?
Bracing does not reverse scoliosis, but it helps slow curve progression, especially during growth spurts. Braces such as the Boston or Wilmington brace are typically worn 12 to 20 hours per day.
